The bulbs were an ancient source of rodenticide products replaced later on by warfarin and modern anticoagulant raticides. Liliopsida is considered the scientific name for monocots, but monocots may be called differently based on different taxonomic classification systems. Moreover, the free radical scavenging activity values were tested with dpph. Urginea maritima extract may be the cause of this effect. Simultaneous determination of bufadienolides and phenolic.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The tall sometimes well over a meter flower sprouts from a large bulb. Drimia maritima sea squill a large bulb to 12 wide or more that often rests partially above ground and produces 1218 long by 4 inch wide glaucus bluegreen strapshaped leaves that emerge in late fall and last into the following summer. Current hplc methods comprise tedious sample cleanup and have been merely focused on the analysis of cardiac glycosides, whereas a thorough characterization of d. Cardiotonic activity of white squill urginea maritima extract on isolated atrium of rabbit. Davis 1984 states up to 300 m above sea level, but it grows at over 680 m in.
Coarse basal foliage erupts in fall from a massive bulb that prefers, like an amaryllis, to be partly or even mostly aboveground. Stearn is used in the production of medicinal products. Drimia species, giant white squill, red sea squill, sea. Drimia intricata formerly schizobasis intricata is sometimes cultivated as a bulbous or succulent plant. In the apg iv classification system, it is placed in the family asparagaceae, subfamily scilloideae formerly the family hyacinthaceae. Squill consists of the sliced and dried fleshy scale leaves of the bulb of urginea maritima linn. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 305015 with original publication details.
The bulb scales are odourless or with a slight odour, and have a mucilagenous, bitter acrid and. Contraindications, warnings squill may cause gastric irritation and should be avoided by individuals with a cardiac disorder. Bulbs have been reported as big as soccer ballswhich means the fit in this terra cotta pot would be a heckuva lot tighter. One wouldnt expect that to be true given its relatively large green leaves and short stature. The present work concerns a phytochemical study of urginea maritima l. It is in leaf from october to july, in flower from september to october. Pdf chromatographic fractionation, antioxidant and. Urginea maritima is a species of flowering plant in the family asparagaceae, subfamily scilloideae formerly the family hyacinthaceae. In view of the cardiotonic constituents, precautions applied to digoxin therapy should be considered for squill. Valentino vallicelli it is an unmistakable species for it shape and aspect. Stearn is a bulbous perennial that grows around the mediterranean littoral in dry stony and sandy areas. Scilla maritima, urginea scilla, drimia maritima or urginea pancration has the common names red squill, sea squill, sea onion, ein sit, and ada sogani. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions.
Asparagaceae, the asparagus family what kind of plant is it. Scilla the classic name of the plant, is derived from a greek word meaning to exite or disturb. In early autumn, after the leaves have died down, the inflorescence emerges as a tall spikelike raceme of small, whitish flowers, opening in succession from the base. Has 225 biological activities, 30 ethnobotanical uses. In late summer to early autumn, each bulb sends up a stout spike about 3090cm tall, bearing a large number of starry white flowers.
Squill is largely obtained from malta and the countries of the mediterranean coast. Urginea maritima is a species of flowering plant in the family. The name red squill may be reserved for a variety of the plant which has redtinted flowers instead of the more common white. Proper usage and audio pronunciation of the word urginea maritima. Biosystematics studies on medicinal plant urginea indica. The huge bulbs and fabulous flowers of the urginea maritima will make a real talking point in your garden. Baker, liliaceae is a native medicinal and ornamental plant from the mediterranean area. Abstracttotal phenolics, proanthocyanidins, antioxidant, and free. Urginea maritima is a bulb growing to 1 m 3ft 3in by 0.
Urginea maritima is the giant among all mediterranean geophytes it is a winter active perennial bulb. Drimia maritima plant biodiversity of southwestern morocco. Urginea maritima produced contraction of isolated atrium of rabbit as shown in figure 3 figure 3. Red squill has been subjected to severe uprooting and collection of the bulbs fleshy scales by pharmaceutical companies in its native range. Istvan ujvary, in hayes handbook of pesticide toxicology third edition, 2010 a introduction. Ancient egyptians called red squill ein sit for the god who resists the sun, since it only blooms in autumn. Drimia maritima flowers without bearing leaves at the end of summer hysteranthous geophyte. Stearn liliaceae synonyms scilla, urginea,urginea maritimal.
Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Giant white squill the worlds largest flowering bulb. The sea squill urginea maritima or charybdis maritima or drimia maritima is a common autumn flower which despite its name is found all the way from sea level to mountain zones in phrygana, forests and olive groves. Urginea marittima is an unmistakable species for it shape and aspect. Chemical constituents of wild onion urginea indica kunth. This species will produce several broad, wavy edged greygreen leaves about 60cm long. This species is known by several common names, including squill, sea squill, sea onion, and maritime squill. Urginea maritima, which is dedicated for the depic. It is found west into portugal and the canary islands, along the north africa coast, and east into syria, israel and southern iran anonymous 2005, davis 1984. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about drimia species, giant white squill, red sea squill, sea onion drimia maritima supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles databa. Pdf chromatographic fractionation, antioxidant and antibacterial. Determination of antioxidant activities of different urginea. Scilla maritima synonyms, scilla maritima pronunciation, scilla maritima translation, english dictionary definition of scilla maritima. Ars germplasm resources information network urma2 calphotos urma2.
The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by bees. Urginea, named for an arabian tribe in algeria, known as ben urgin. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant description, large, highresolution pictures, images and photos of the plants and its parts, detailed. Drimia species, giant white squill, red sea squill, sea onion.
According to tradition, urginea maritima is planted in the vicinity of arab graves, to protect them. Its very scarce in the uk and were sure this is the best price youll find for it. One of the bestknown species is the sea squill, drimia maritima formerly urginea maritima. In autumn, the seasquill urginea maritima terminates the growth cycle of a stem that started its development and leaf activity at the beginning of last years winter. This is the profile for the plant urginea pancration sea squill basal talghansar. The plant was studied by efrayim and hanna hareubeni, who saw in the plant many natural phenomena and close cultural links with the entire middle east. Maritima, european squill, mediterra nean squill, scilla maritime, white squill, sea onion, sea squill bulb, urginea scilla, urginea indica, scilla indica plant description urginea indica kunth. The squill urginea maritima, whose bulb yields a powder used as a rat poison and formerly used medicinally. Verapamil produced negative inotropic effect on isolated atrium which was antagonized by adding urginea maritima extract. Information about urginea maritima in the dictionary, synonyms and antonyms. We have long grown this plant as urginea maritima, the name this plant was first described as by british botanist john gilbert baker 18341920 in the journal of the linnean society. Tlcspectrophotometric assay of the main glycosides of red squill, a specific rodenticide. Red squill urginea maritima, liliaceae springerlink. Antiinsect activity of bufadienolides from urginea maritima.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license. Cardiovascular studies of white squill urginea maritima. Its bigger than my fist but, truth to tell, my urgineas still a wimp. This wonderfully unusual plant grows to about 6090 cm and produces masses of white, star shaped flowers on long flowering spikes. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Free single acicular crystals and very occasional prisms of calcium. Determination of antioxidant activities of different urginea maritima. Urginea maritima charybdis maritima drimia maritima. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Stearn is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus drimia family asparagaceae. Scilla maritima was the name given by linnaeus, but this was changed to urginea, in allusion to the algerian tribe ben urgin, near boma, where steinheil in 1834 examined this plant, removing it.
Plant profiles giant squill after the heat of summer breaks, the urginea sprouts. Total phenolic concentrations and antioxidant activities in drimia sp. In the late summer for the high and characteristic inflorescence, in the other seasons for the aboveground bulbs and leaves. Stearn maritime squill has a large bulb, which grows near the surface and bears a rosette of broad, thick leaves in spring. Urginea maritima giant white squill flower bulbs for sale. Determination of antioxidant activities of different urginea maritima l. Scilla maritima was the name given by linnaeus, but this was changed to urginea, in allusion to the algerian tribe ben urgin, near boma, where steinheil in 1834 examined this plant, removing it from the genus scilla. Based on chloroplast dna sequences, the divergence date between monocots and dicots is estimated to be 200 million years, with a 40 million years uncertainty. Scilla maritima was the name given by linnaeus, but this was changed to urginea an allusion to the algerian. Scilla maritima definition of scilla maritima by the. Urginea maritima sea squill, red squill pfaf plant database. In early autumn, after the leaves have died down, the inflorescence emerges as a tall spikelike raceme of small, whitish flowers, opening in. Urginea maritima charybdis maritima drimia maritima sea.
Squill uses, botanical source, characters, and chemical. Learn more about squill uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain squill. Drimia maritima, ornithogalum maritimum, scilla hispanica, s. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. When broadly circumscribed, the genus includes a number of other genera previously treated separately, including litanthus, rhodocodon, schizobasis and urginea one of the bestknown species is the sea squill, drimia. One giant bulb white squill bulbs frequently weigh 68 lbs.
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